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3. Socionic technologies and society
Socionic technologies allow to work effectively with collectives of any level of complexity, using the laws of functioning of their psycho-informational space, and supplement essentially sociological research methods. So, the research of the population, suffered from failure on Chernobyl atomic station, carried out by institute of sociology of NAS of Ukraine together with the International Socionics institute, has allowed to give the concrete recommendations for social work with migrants [7, 23].
The methods of integral socionics have enabled to establish precise structure of ethnos mentality. The knowledge of this structure, system of perception and estimation of the reality, cultural and historical ethnos features and its state structures has helped to create a number of social and political technologies directed on optimum control of the ethnos or the state, improvement of conditions of their vitality and existence. So the definition of integral types of ethnoses or nations helps to understand the strong and weak features of concrete ethnos, origins of its problems and difficulties, to give the concrete recommendations for overcoming (or indemnification) them [8, 11, 16, 37].
| Russia |
| Irrationality, intuitiveness, dreaminess, producing of advanced ideas, designs, inventiveness; introversion, separation from the rest world, Messianism |
T1 |
E2 |
Emotionality, necessity of empathy in any relations (including business) |
| Vulnerable, weak and painful business logic, impracticality, failing to introduce new technologies in industry; social neurosis at market relations. |
P4 |
S3 |
|
| |
L6 |
F5 |
Suggestive function: thirst of strong hand and order, submission to any organized structures - from state up to criminal |
| |
I7 |
R8 |
|
Ukraine |
| Introversion: tendency to decide important problems in secret, privately, aspiration of self-isolation, closed society. Transpersonal, related and social relations have a great value. |
R1 |
I2 |
Producing of ideas, mainly in humanitarian sphere. Belief in its peculiarity, exceptionalism. |
| Weak ability to resist external pressure, social phobias and neurosis in connection with imagined threats, absence of resistance to administrative-command apparatus actions at all levels. |
F4 |
L3 |
|
| |
S6 |
P5 |
Suggestions by receive of money, credits etc.; quick formation of dependence on the creditors |
| |
E7 |
T8 |
Orientation on the past, "glorious traditions", conservatism |
.
USA |
| Extravert expansion of capital and extension of political influence on the whole world. Dominant of business, financial logic, utmost development and encouragement of enterprise activity, development and fast implantation of the newest technologies. |
P1 |
T2 |
Perfect vision of perspective directions in economy, science, engineering etc., tendency to the future. |
| Concern about "healthy life style", prohibition of smoking etc. |
S4 |
E3 |
|
| Pride in its military power, activation at collision with the imagined or real opponent, for example with dictatorial regimes. |
F6 |
R5 |
Suggestive function: watching moral appearance of public figures, creation of public opinion depending on politician private lives estimation |
| |
L7 |
I8 |
|
Fig.1. Fragments of Russia, Ukraine and USA ethnos mentality models |
At present International Socionics institute has investigated in detail psycho-informational structure of the majority of large ethnoses and states of Europe, America and Asia, has constructed effective psycho-informational models of their functioning, which describe well processes occurring in these countries. For example, the structures of ethnoses of Russia, Ukraine and USA are given in fig.1. The strong features and problems of ethnos are well visible. So, the business, "money" logic (P) in USA psycho-informational structure is a leading function of perception and action of American mentality, that determines a level of economic development of this country and its leading role in this field at a global level [9]. At the same time in Russian or Ukrainian psycho-informational structure this function is in a problem zone — hence complications with realization of economic reforms in absence of the purposeful program of psycho-informational adaptation of the country to reforms [11].
The knowledge of psycho-informational structure brings appropriate social technologies for the state government. It is possible to determine easily expediency of that or those steps, as far as they will be accepted by a society. So, the economic reforms in Russia under a management of Е.Gaydar were carried out under the recipes developed in conditions of western ethnoses and countries mentality, which sharply differs from Russian. Not taking into account of this circumstance has caused unexpected huge inflationary jump as a result of reaction of one mentality type on actions of other mentality type [11]. Meanwhile due to the count of psycho-informational structure of the peoples of Russia, Ukraine and other countries of CIS it is possible to propose the recipes on optimum realization of economic and social reforms with the minimal expenditures.
System character of tensions and instability in a society, character of its political, social, humanitarian and cultural preferences are easily determined by the socionic methods, the structure of motivation and cultural installations of the people or ethnos, including their regional variants is revealed and ranged. So, our study of problems of alcoholism and drug addiction has shown their precise connection with structure of ethnos mentality (for example, Russian). It is possible to offer the concrete social programs on struggle with these problems [19].
The opening of the laws of ethnoses and states structure evolution as a psycho-informational systems (so-called law of quadra change [Bukalov, Gulenko, 1988]) allows to describe adequately and to predict historical and socio-political processes occurring in a society [14].
Socionic technologies have appeared to be the perfect tool for forecasting of political process [8]. On an acknowledgment of Yu.Osipov, the president of the Russian Academy of Sciences, processes that have taken place in Russia in XX century: the arise of the totalitarian USSR state and its disintegration, processes of "perestroyka" and formation of the new Russian state and other countries of CIS - are unclear and not explained phenomena. The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine has similar opinion. Meanwhile that what is unsolvable by becoming outdated traditional approaches is easily solved by socionic methods. They allow not only to analyze occurring events, but also to influence them actively, to direct them to the necessary direction, using knowledge of the strong and weak features of any social group: collective, party, nation, ethnos or state.
So, socionic analysis of socio-political processes has allowed making a number of conclusions in 1989-1999 [8]:
- Frequently discussed question of possible ways of historical development of Russia after the World War I has received the unequivocal decision: the arrival to power of the Bolshevik party led by V.Lenin, as a structure dual for ethnos, had no alternative and was unequivocally predetermined by all course of historical development.
- The conclusion about inevitable disintegration USSR into the separate states in conditions of the third quadra leadership (as group of types with similar mentality), led by М.Gorbachev, and of so-called process of perestroyka, induced by it, was made within the same model. This prognosis has proved in 1991.
- We made the prognosis of results of Russia president election on the basis of the law of quadra change and model of mentality of Russian ethnos, which has proved with election of B.Eltzin.
- Analytically it was shown that the quadra change, influencing psycho-informational structure of the state and system of its priorities, temporarily results in disorder in economy and decrease of a vital level of the population. The amount of free information in a society, uncontrollable by the state, sharply grows (see Fig.2).
- The conclusion about hopelessness of putsch 19-21 August 1991 (second quadra) and similar to it in epoch of domination of the third quadra was formulated.
- Socionic analysis of interaction between parliament of Russia led by R.Khazbulatov (FL (SLE)) and president of Russia B.Eltzin (PT (LIE)) was done in 1992. This analysis has shown, that the contradictions between integral structures of β-quadra (parliament) and γ-quadra (president and his team), despite of the individual relations of the social order between B.Eltzin and R.Khazbulatov, lead to inevitable confrontation on aspect of strong-willed sensorics (F). This power interaction results in the Moscow, 1993 events (attack of Ostankino, shelling "of a White House"). The vice-president of Russia A.Ruzkoy (LF (LSI)), by virtue of his belonging to second quadra (β), in conditions of polarization of forces has appeared on the side of the parliament.
- The prognoses of some politologists about aspiration B. Eltsin to dictatorship was specified not were reasonable, because the belonging of the first president of Russia to the third quadra (γ), characterized by attribute of Reinin - democratism, excludes such development of events.
- We made the prognosis about significant success of LDPR party led by V.Zirinovsky in connection with election to State Duma of Russia. Any sociological school did not expect this success, however it naturally followed from features of the relations such as information metabolism V.Zirinovsky and mentality of Russian ethnos.
- Disintegration of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRYu) into the separate independent states (Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia, Macedonia and Serbia with Montenegro) is one more example of proved prognosis.
- In the beginning of 1994 the author made a conclusion by the modeling ethno-socionics about distribution of chances of the applicants for a position of the second president of Ukraine in the following sequence: L.Kuchma, L.Kravchuk, V.Lanovoy, which has proved in practice.
- The similar analysis of possible results of election of the third president of Ukraine has shown that L.Kuchma had the highest chances of re-election, by virtue of favorable intertype relations of activation with mentality of the population of Ukraine.
- Popularity of V.Putin and the approval of his actions by the majority of the population of Russia are connected with his psycho-informational resonant quadral interaction with mentality of the Russians [11].
The interactions of the political leaders with a society are easily analyzed and described by socionic methods. Our researches have determined conditions of occurrence of a favorable resonance between the leader and nation that allows operating the country and state effectively [25]. A society rejects the leaders or disintegrates at unfavorable psycho-informational resonance, as it was, for example, in imperial Russia in 1905-1917 with Nikolay II.
Socionic technologies help to carry out economic and social reforms with a peak efficiency, effective reorganization and reduction of the administrative apparatus, personnel selection on all levels of state and corporate management, formation of the necessary decisions and their implementation with the appropriate ideological and propaganda maintenance, taking into account mentality of the population.
Reforms in the Army, Ministry of Internal Affairs and other services, reduction of their staff, preserving or increasing efficiency of their actions, belong as marked above to the same problems.
Thus political socionic technologies allow to determine structure of the population mentality of any certain region and to influence successfully its mood. Such technology gives politicians an opportunity to conduct the effective election company both on regional, and on state level, concentrating forces, resources and money on concrete precisely outlined directions, especially important for given electorate, instead of their irrational use and dispersion. Creation of politician images, power structures, parties, other public and commercial organizations, correct illumination of their actions in mass media, and also questions of effective commercial advertisement also concerns this problem.
The reforms in a society are inseparable from legal aspects. Each society forms aspects of the law, both formal, and informal, according to its mentality, policy etc. Many legal aspects of the totalitarian state, and especially its power aspect, penitentiary system, have remained practically constant despite of disintegration USSR and the crash of communist system. A number of "blanks" was formed in the legislation, which allow abusing of official standing, committing of economic and other crimes. Actually, "black holes" in economy derive from "white spots" in the legislation. The socionic methods help to find out and to eliminate such "blanks", that promotes development of a society, its economic and legal stability [25].
| α - |
maximum of free information, circulating in a society and a minimum of its implementation (materialisation) |
| β - |
formation of centralised, up to totalitarian, control structure with realisation of monumental projects is accompanied by sharp decrease of free information circulation in a society - it is transformed in "construction of the age"" |
| γ - |
"perestroyka": the increase of freely circulating information is accompanied with disorganisation of administrative-command system, its economical, social and productive structures. |
| δ - |
phase of stabilisation: almost all free information is connected with material, technological and other achievements of a society. Minimal quantity of essentially new ideas, conservatism. |
| Fig.2. The universal diagrams of free (ρ(I)) and materialized (ρ(E)) information circulation in socium. |
The problem of state ideology formation and its consecutive implementation at all levels is especially important. It is obvious, that the effective state could not exist without clear ideology. Politological socionic technologies allow forming such ideology, which would be acceptable to the overwhelming majority of the population and would be the stabilizer in post-communist society deideologized and disoriented.
Knowing structure of nations and ethnoses mentality, socionics can analyze the international relations, which frequently are the sources of conflicts. The features of interaction of various nations in the multinational states, such as, for example, Russia, are well described. This also concerns the problems of organized criminality frequently having regional or national character. So, the specialization of kinds of the Caucasian groupages activity is well described by methods of ethno-socionics.
But the international relations are a part of interaction of the states and nations on the international arena. Many aspects of the relations between the countries could be described by methods of integral socionic. The majority of the conflicts are connected with collisions of the state mentality expressed in their foreign policy. Collision of USA with Iraq or Serbia or other countries, conflict between Israel and Arabian states are naturally explained by integral socionics [8-11, 71].
Relations between carriers of Japanese and American mentality, between America and Russia, America and Ukraine, Russia and Ukraine are also easily described. It is obvious, that the knowledge of features of national mentality is necessary both in Ministry of Foreign Affairs and in other foreign economic organizations. Such organizations as Eurounion are also similarly described. Socionics can give the direct recommendations for interaction with the concrete state and its leaders, prognosis of their actions. This also concerns a state of mind and possible acts of the politicians, who could come to power. The real deeds are known to differ from pre-election slogans very much. Socionics also allows describing of psycho-informational structure of corporations and international organizations, such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF). This allows to estimate at once an acceptability of the recommendations of similar organizations for certain country: because it is no secret, that the majority of the IMF projects in the developing countries were unsuccessful due to ignoring of national mentality and cultural features.
At the same time taking into account this phenomenon helps to create by socionic methods the adapted programs of economic development, which are not included in the tough contradiction with local customs and traditions. The correctly organized information campaign in the developed countries could ensure the investments and positive attitude of wide public circles of these countries to activity of the government, its home and foreign policy.
It is necessary also to note, that socionics allocates natural groups of types with similar mentality. This concept could be applied to super-ethnoses: Western European, Slavo-Russian (orthodox), Arab-Moslem, Latin American and other represent such groups of types in socionic terms.
The characteristics of such mentality groups as super-ethnoses, consists in the certain similarity and identical relation to the representatives of other group. So, for example, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia form group mentally distinguished from other countries of the former USSR, and now of CIS. They gravitate to Western European super-ethnos. Not casually the citizens of the USSR considered East-country as "Soviet West" at a level of ordinary consciousness.
The interaction of super-ethnoses has a system character, and the collisions have especially heavy consequences. So, the war in Yugoslavia after its disintegration was especially bloody because of 3 super-ethnoses confrontation: Slavo-Russian, Western and Moslem. On the contrary, the USSR disintegration had a peaceful character due to dominance of Slavo-Russian super-ethnos and absence of collisions with other super-ethnoses.
Integral socionics allows to analyze the similar contradictions and to formulate principles of effective elucidative and propaganda activity in other super-ethnoses for adequate perception of the information by them. Otherwise information and motivation of different mentality are not perceived: the opinion about wiliness in behavior of another super-ethnos representatives and necessity of their punishment, introduction of the political, economic and military sanctions affirms in public consciousness.
Therefore political technologies developed by socionics could become the effective tool of foreign policy of the state, the tool for its information security maintenance.
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